that在定語從句中用法
that在定語從句中是個特殊的存在。它既可以代指物,也可以代指人。而且有很多時候,只能用that引導定語從句。 以下是小編整理的that在定語從句中用法,希望對大家有所幫助。
1。 不用that的情況
(1) 在引導非限定性定語從句時。
(錯)The tree, that is four hundred years old, Is very famous here.
(2) 介詞后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
2。 只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況
(1) 在there be 句型中,只用that,不用which。
(2) 在不定代詞,如:anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行詞時,只用that,不用which。
(3) 先行詞有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修飾時,只用that。
(4) 先行詞為序數詞、數詞、形容詞最高級時,只用that,不能用which。
(5) 先行詞既有人,又有物時。
(6) 先行詞指物,在主句中作表語時。
(7) 為了避免重復。
(8) 先行詞是the way或the reason時,that可作關系副詞,也可省略
(9) 主句的主語是疑問詞who /which時
定語從句that
that常用作關系代詞,可指代某人,也可指代某物,指物時有的時候可用which替換that,指人時可用who替換。但在下列情況下,一般用that。
一、that指代某物事時
1.先行詞為all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等時。如:
(1)We'll do all that we can to protect theendangered plants and animals.
我們將盡我們的最大努力來保護那些瀕危的動植物。
(2) There is much that I wan to tell you.
我有很多想要告訴你的話。
(3) Is there anything that I can do for you?
有什么我可以幫你的嗎?
2. 先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定詞修飾時。如:
(4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.
在我們圖書館,你可以借任何你想讀的書。
3. 先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。如:
(5)This is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen.
這是我見過的最漂亮的城市。
4. 先行詞被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修飾時。如:
(6)This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.
這恰好是他們去年參觀的那個工廠。
(7)This is the only painting in this style that we have.
這種風格的畫我們僅有一幅。
5. 先行詞是并列結構,既有人又有物時。如:
(8)He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.
6. 先行詞前有the same 修飾,表示和先行詞是同一物時。如:
(9)This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.
這就是我昨天丟的那個錢夾。
注:如果表示的是與先行詞同一類或相似的某物,則用the same…as….如:
(10)This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.
這個錢夾和我昨天丟的那個一樣。
7. 先行詞為數詞時。
(11)Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.
瞧書架上那些書。你可以看到我過生日時你買的.那兩本。
8. 如果which引導的定語從句中又含有一個定語從句,為避免重復,第二個定語從句用that。如:
(12)They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.
他們建了一工廠,生產以前從未見過的東西。
9. 以which作主語開頭的特殊問句,為了避免重復,定語從句用that。如。
(13)Which is the bus that you will take?
你要乘的是哪一班車?
10. 關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時,而且通常省略。如:
(14)My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
我的家鄉再也不是以前那個樣子了。
11. 關系代詞在there be 句型中作主語時,而且常可以省略。如:
(15)This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.
這是有史以來最快的列車。
二、that 指代某人時。
1. 泛指某人時。如:
(16)He is a man that is never at a loss.
他是一個從未一籌莫展的人。
2. 主句是以作主語的who開頭的特殊問句,為了避免重復時。如:
(17)Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster?
和我們校長說話的那人是誰?
3. 先行詞前有the same時。如:
(18)This is the same man that gave us a talk last year.
這和去年給我們作報告的是同一人。
4. 關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時。如:
(19)He has changed. He was not the man (that) he was 10 years ago.
他變了。他再也不是10年前的他了。
另外,that也可用作關系副詞,表示時間、地點、原因和方式,在口語中可以用來代替when, where, why 引導的定語從句。在以下名詞day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行詞時,可用that作關系副詞引導定語從句。如:
(20)I'll never forget the day (that) I joined the League.
我永遠不會忘記我入團的那一天。
(21)Is this the reason (that) they were late for the meeting?
這就是他們開會遲到的原因嗎?
(22)We want to find a place (that) we can have a picnic.
我們想找一個我們能野餐的地方。
(23)This is the first time that I have been abroad for traveling.
這是我第一次到國外去旅游。
(注:先行詞是time,前面有序數詞或last修飾時,常用that引導定語從句或者省略。)
當先行詞為表示方式的詞the way時,可用that引導定語從句, that常可以省略。
(24)I don't the way you speak to her.
我不喜歡你和她說話那種方式。
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